Memory Management
Managing the main and temporary memory of the computer system refers to memory management. The primary memory has large files which have their address. There is fast storage and direct CPU access. The OS keeps a track of the memory in every way.
It ensures multiprogramming and decides space for every program. It takes care of the allocation and deallocation of memory processes according to a user request.
Processor Management
The OS takes a call about time for each process in a processor. This is process scheduling that is being responsible for traffic control. It takes care of the allocation and deallocation of processors according to the process.
Device Management
The OS communicates via its respective drivers and keeps a track of all the devices. It is the I/O controller and ensures that they all work efficiently. It decides which process gets what device at what time. This also allocates and deallocates devices.
File Management
Apart from navigating and using the directories, the OS collectively takes care of the file systems. Which files get the maximum resources, allocation of resources, and deallocations of the same are some of its functions.
Security
It takes care that the system is always safe by having passwords and other measures. This prevents other people from accessing programs and data without authorization.
Control over system performance
It controls the system by recording all sorts of delays in the program and seeing how the efficiency can improve.
Job accounting
It maintains a record of time and resources that the users can access via different requests and jobs.
Error detecting aids
It is responsible for producing dumps, traces, error messages, and other things for the smooth functioning of the system.
Coordination between other software and users
It coordinates with the software and the users to create a balance between them.
Communication management
It manages the communication between the hardware and the software resources like compilers, interpreters, etc.
Command interpretation
It takes in all the requests by the users in form of command and further interprets them to get things done.
Networking
The processors create a distributed system where they share memory and devices. The operating system allows these processors to communicate with each other.
Secondary-Storage Management
There are many memory stages that are present inside the computer and the operating system takes care of all of them. This includes the primary, the secondary and the cache memory.